Archive for the tag: Explained

The Coronavirus Explained & What You Should Do

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A huge thanks to the experts who helped us on short notice with the video. Especially “Our World in Data”, the online publication for research and data on the world’s largest problems – and how to make progress solving them. Check out their site. It also includes a constantly updated page on the Corona Pandemic.

In December 2019 the Chinese authorities notified the world that a virus was spreading through their communities. In the following months it spread to other countries, with cases doubling within days. This virus is the “Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2”, that causes the disease called COVID19, and that everyone simply calls Coronavirus.

What actually happens when it infects a human and what should we all do?

Sources & further reading: https://sites.google.com/view/sourcescorona

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This rapid response team has been preparing for a pandemic for years. Now, they’re developing a treatment for COVID-19 at breakneck speed. Here’s how.
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As the novel coronavirus outbreak switched from epidemic to global pandemic, and COVID-19 continued to sweep across the globe, a team launched back in 2017 by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) has been working tirelessly toward safely developing an antibody therapy that can provide immediate immunity to the virus.

To find out more about this rapid pandemic response, we spoke with Dr. James Crowe, the Director of the Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, who is a part of this special team of experts, universities, and advanced genetic sequencing groups who are trained to deliver rapid treatments in the midst of an outbreak.

While drug programs typically take years, a decade even, the goal of the Pandemic Prevention Program, or P3, is to be able to treat people just 60 days later when an epidemic occurs. In a simulation last year, the team was able to complete the timeline in approximately 78 days, but with coronavirus continuing to spread, the team has switched from simulation to reality.

Find out more about P3 and the work experts are doing to respond to COVID-19 as quickly as possible in this Focal Point.

#pandemic #covid19 #responseteam #globalhealth #seeker #science #focalpoint

Read More:
DARPA Races To Create a “Firebreak” Treatment for the Coronavirus
https://spectrum.ieee.org/the-human-os/biomedical/bionics/darpas-firebreak-treatment-for-the-coronavirus
“The P3 program’s plan was to start with a new pathogen and to ‘develop technology to deliver medical countermeasures in under 60 days—which was crazy, unheard of,’ says Jenkins.”

DARPA Aims To Have Coronavirus Therapy Shortly After Outbreak’s Start
https://www.npr.org/2020/02/14/805934975/darpa-aims-to-have-coronavirus-therapy-shortly-after-outbreaks-start
“The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency supports a pandemic preparedness program that is designed to respond rapidly to an emerging threat such as the coronavirus.”

The Possible COVID-19 Treatments Researchers Are Excited About
https://time.com/5819965/coronavirus-treatments-research/
“But given the speed at which SARS-CoV-2 is infecting new hosts on every continent across the globe, those trials are being ushered along at a breakneck pace, telescoping the normal development and testing time by as much as half.”
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Coronavirus explained: How and when to end a lockdown

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France, Italy, India, the UK, Germany – they’ve all extended their lockdowns to tackle the coronavirus.

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Yet some of those countries – and others – are beginning to ease restrictions: schools are open again in Denmark, Germany will soon do the same.

This is all uncharted territory: how and when do you begin to stop a lockdown?

In this video, we speak to a range of experts to discuss what the best forward forward is for a range of countries.

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Urinalysis Interpretation Explained Clearly – Glucose & Ketones in Urine

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Confidently understand and interpret urinalysis results with Dr. Seheult. This video is a free trial video of the course at https://www.medcram.com/courses/urinalysis and illustrates glucose and ketones in the urine (glucosuria & ketonuria).

From a simple urine dipstick test to microscopic examination…
The urinalysis is among the most common and useful tests available.

Looking for clarity on how to interpret urinalysis results?

Are you brushing past some results because you don’t understand their clinical significance?

In Urinalysis Explained Clearly, renowned instructor Dr. Roger Seheult illustrates each urinalysis finding in a series of digestible videos, quizzes, and case studies.

𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐩𝐥𝐞𝐭𝐞 𝐜𝐨𝐮𝐫𝐬𝐞 𝐢𝐧𝐜𝐥𝐮𝐝𝐞𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐟𝐨𝐥𝐥𝐨𝐰𝐢𝐧𝐠:
– The pros and cons of each urine collection method
– A breakdown of what each urinalysis result means (protein, nitrites, blood, billirubin, urobilinogen, leukocyte esterase, heme, etc.)
– The difference between bilirubin and urobilinogen
– A review of urine electrolytes
– How to perform a gross assessment of urine
– Illustrations of the key urine crystals and casts.
– Helpful ways to utilize equations such as FENa, FEUrea, TTKG, and Urinary anion gap.
– Quiz questions and case studies to reinforce core concepts and help you study

𝗛𝗶𝗴𝗵𝗹𝗶𝗴𝗵𝘁𝘀 𝗼𝗳 𝘁𝗵𝗶𝘀 𝘃𝗶𝗱𝗲𝗼 𝗶𝗻𝗰𝗹𝘂𝗱𝗲:

– How glucose in the urine is measured (peroxide)
– The concentration of glucose needed for its presence in urine (transport maximum)
– Glucosuria false positives
– Fanconi syndrome
– Glucosuria in diabetic patients
– Urine ketones vs serum ketones
– How urine ketones are measured (nitroprusside test)

Visit https://www.MedCram.com for this complete course and over 100 free lectures. This is the home for ALL MedCram.com medical videos (many medical videos, medical lectures, and quizzes are not on YouTube).

Speaker: Roger Seheult, MD
Co-Founder of MedCram.com (https://www.medcram.com)
Clinical and Exam Preparation Instructor
Board Certified in Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Disease, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine.

Visit https://www.MedCram.com for hundreds of clear & concise videos

MedCram = MORE understanding in LESS time

MedCram: Medical education topics explained clearly including: Respiratory lectures such as Asthma and COPD. Renal lectures on Acute Renal Failure and Adrenal Gland. Internal medicine videos on Oxygen Hemoglobin Dissociation Curve and Medical Acid Base. A growing library on critical care topics such as Shock, Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA), and Mechanical Ventilation. Cardiology videos on Hypertension, ECG / EKG Interpretation, and heart failure. VQ Mismatch and Hyponatremia lectures have been popular among medical students and physicians. The Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs) videos and Ventilator-associated pneumonia bundles and lectures have been particularly popular with RTs. NPs and PAs have given great feedback on Pneumonia Treatment and Liver Function Tests among many others. Dr. Jacquet teaches our FAST exam tutorial & bedside ultrasound courses. Many nursing students have found the Asthma and shock lectures very helpful. We’re starting a new course series on clinical ultrasound/ultrasound medical imaging.

Recommended Audience – Medical professionals and medical students: including physicians, nurse practitioners, physician assistants, nurses, respiratory therapists, EMT and paramedics, and many others. Review and test prep for USMLE, MCAT, PANCE, NCLEX, NAPLEX, NBDE, RN, RT, MD, DO, PA, NP school and board examinations.

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Produced by Kyle Allred PA-C

Please note: MedCram medical videos, medical lectures, medical illustrations, and medical animations are for medical educational and exam preparation purposes, and not intended to replace recommendations by your health care provider.

Blood Types Explained | Blood Groups (ABO) and Rh Factor Nursing Transfusions Compatibility

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Blood typing made easy with explanation on ABO blood groups and Rh factor for nurses (blood transfusions).

There are 8 total blood types from four blood groups (A, B, AB, O). In nursing we transfuse blood, but before we do this we have to collect blood from the patient who will be receiving the blood transfusion. The patient’s blood will be typed and crossmatched with a donor. The donor’s blood must be compatible with our patient to prevent a transfusion reaction.

To understand blood typing, you have to understand the relationship between antigens and antibodies.

What are red blood cell antigens? They are either present or absent on the surface of RBC. All red blood cells have them EXCEPT Type O RBCs. Antigens are proteins that can elicit an immune response when they come into contact with its corresponding antibodies. Therefore, they stimulate antibodies to defend the body.

So, when the same red blood cell antigens and antibodies get together it will cause an IMMUNE RESPONSE called agglutination. This is where the RBCs will glue together, hence clump together. Therefore, it is VERY important a person is not transfused with the wrong blood type.

Blood Types: Recipient and Donor

A blood type: has only A antigens on its surface with B antibodies in the plasma.

Type A: donates to A and AB and recipient of O and A

B blood type: has only B antigens on its surface with A antibodies in the plasma.

Type B: donates to B and AB and recipient of O and B

AB blood type: has both A and B antigens on its surface with NO antibodies in it plasma.

Type AB: donates to only other ABs but recipient of O, A, B, and AB…known as the “UNIVERSAL RECIPIENT”

O blood type: has NO antigens on its surface with A and B antibodies in its plasma.

Type O: donates to all types but only recipient of other O….known as the “UNIVERSAL DONOR”.

Rh factors: either present or absent on the red blood cells surface.

If these factors are present on the RBC the patient is Rh POSTIVIE, but if these factors are absent the patient is Rh NEGATIVE.

If a patient is Rh positive they can receive either Rh+ or RH- blood. While Rh negative patients can receive only Rh- blood.

Quiz Blood Typing: https://www.registerednursern.com/blood-types-nclex-quiz/

Notes: https://www.registerednursern.com/blood-types-nursing-nclex-review/

Blood Transfusion Nursing Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v4PHCwvkH24

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