Nasty Festering Blood Blisters

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Blood blisters, rock-hard calluses, surprise fluid… OH MY!

This patient came in to see Dr. Freels to trim the calluses and blood blisters that were forming on the tips of her toes and ended up discovering some surprise, gunky fluid at the end of the procedure!

This patient is diabetic, so having her feet tended to by a professional is CRUCIAL in order to prevent serious healing problems.

Dr. Freels ended up trimming EIGHT rock-hard calluses and TWO oozing blood blisters!

MENTIONED VIDEOS

Hammertoe: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2fl9wrIugDk&t=269s

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Blood Types, Blood Group Systems and Transfusion Rule, Animation

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(USMLE topics) Cellular basis of blood groups including ABO, Rh (Rhesus) and other less known systems, why blood typing is important in blood transfusion.
This video (updated with new voice) is available for instant download licensing here: https://www.alilamedicalmedia.com/-/galleries/all-animations/heart-and-blood-circulation-videos/-/medias/8d5a2a3c-778f-4220-a6b6-49b645be878f-blood-types-narrated-animation
©Alila Medical Media. All rights reserved.
Voice by Vicky Prizmic
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All images/videos by Alila Medical Media are for information purposes ONLY and are NOT intended to replace professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Always seek the advice of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition.
A blood type refers to the PRESENCE or ABSENCE of a certain marker, or ANTIGEN, on the surface of a person’s red blood cells. For example, in the ABO system, presence of A or B antigen gives type A or B, presence of both antigens gives type AB, while their ABSENCE gives type O.
Blood typing is critical for blood transfusion, as there are very SPECIFIC ways in which blood types must be MATCHED between the donor and recipient for a safe transfusion. The rule is simple: patients should NOT be given antigens that their own blood does NOT have. This is because the recipient’s immune system may recognize any “NEW” antigen as “FOREIGN” and develop antibodies to target it for destruction. Depending on the scale of the triggered immune response, the reaction can be serious or fatal.
Applying the rule, a type A patient, who is NEGATIVE for B antigen, can only receive blood from type A and type O donors, whose blood does NOT contain B antigen. A type AB patient, having both antigens, can receive blood from anyone, while a type O person, being NEGATIVE for both A and B, can only receive from type O donors, but can give blood to anyone.
Another important system is the Rh system, for which, D antigen, or Rh factor, is best known. The blood type for this antigen can be either Rh-positive or Rh-negative. By the same rule, a Rh-negative patient canNOT receive blood from a Rh-positive donor, while the reverse direction is fine.
Each of the 4 types of the ABO system can be Rh-positive or negative. This gives 8 possible combinations – the 8 basic blood types everyone knows about.
But ABO and Rh are only a FRACTION of the 35 currently known blood group systems, many of which can cause serious reactions during transfusion if mismatched. Altogether there are HUNDREDS of antigens, giving rise to a gigantic number of possible blood types. A fully specified blood type should describe the COMPLETE SET of antigens that a person has. In theory, this list must be determined for both donor and recipient before a transfusion can take place. In reality, however, most people only need to care about their ABO type and Rh factor.
The ABO and Rh systems are the most important in blood transfusion for 2 reasons. First, most people can produce ROBUST antibodies against A, B and D antigens, which may NOT be the case for other antigens. In fact, anti-A and anti-B antibodies are usually developed during the first year of life. Second, the 8 basic blood types are distributed in comparable proportions that make mismatching a likely event. Most other antigens occur at such frequencies that ONLY a VERY SMALL subset of patients is potentially at risk. For example, if 99.99% of a population is positive for a certain antigen and only 0.01% is negative, only that tiny fraction of negative patients is at risk regarding that antigen. To account for possible INcompatibility OUTSIDE ABO and Rh, an ADDITIONAL test is usually made before transfusion. A blood sample from the patient is mixed with a sample of donor blood and the mixture is examined for CLUMPS. No clumping means a compatible match.

In this video, Dr Mike explains the different ABO blood types and discusses who can give and receive blood in transfusions.

Dr Sunil Dargar – How reliable is urine sugar test?

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Dr. Sunil Dargar, MBBS, MD, Pathologist, New Delhi, will talk about whether the urine sugar test is reliable. In earlier days, only urine sugar test was available to detect diabetes.
The urine test may not be frequently prescribed test nowadays, but its importance still remains. Presence of acetone, ketone, microalbumin or 24-hour albumin in urine is very relevant in diabetic patients.
Dr. Dargar will explain why it is necessary to know the sugar, acetone or ketone present in diabetic patient’s urine. The enzymes which are available to detect the glucose in urine are for ketones which are very reliable and can detect even a small amount of ketones and sugar in urine. Also, the urine sugar test can help to detect intermittent proteinuria in diabetic patients.

O dia a dia da infecção por covid #shorts

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Confira vídeo com mais detalhes: https://youtu.be/yk1aZuuj4TM

#bbcnewsbrasil #shorts

O coronavírus se propaga quando a gente inala gotículas que uma pessoa infectada no espirro ou na tosse. Ou quando a gente toca uma superfície onde essas gotas caíram e colocamos as mãos nos olhos, no nariz ou na boca, por isso a importância de lavar bem as mãos e evitar tocar o rosto.

Mas e se a prevenção não funcionar e contrairmos o novo coronavírus? Neste vídeo, explicamos o que pode acontecer dentro do seu corpo.

Leia a reportagem: https://www.bbc.com/portuguese/internacional-51891465

Curtiu? Inscreva-se no canal da BBC News Brasil! E se quiser ler mais notícias, clique aqui: www.bbc.co.uk/portuguese

Diabetes Stinks! #dexcom #diabetes #typeonediabetes #t1d #shorts

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Blood Blister On Toe. Debridement of Dried Blood.

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Dr. Leo Krawetz of Healthy Feet Podiatry in Tampa, Florida removes a blood blister from the big toe. Blood blisters, if left untreated, can be become infected.

Website: https://healthyfeetpodiatry.com/
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Schools in Cranebrook and Paramatta bring back online learning after surge of covid cases | 7NEWS

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Covid is still very much with us – and again causing havoc at some Sydney schools.

Braddock public school and Tongabbie East public school have brought back online learning after a surge in covid cases among staff and students.

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#7NEWS #BREAKINGNEWS

A group of scientists have been exposed privately discussing signs COVID-19 may have been genetically engineered despite publicly insisting a laboratory leak was a conspiracy theory.

The University of Sydney’s Eddie Holmes publicly said in April 2020 there was “no evidence” SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19 in humans, originated from a laboratory in Wuhan.

Sky News host Sharri Markson unveils emails subpoenaed by the US Congress which show Professor Holmes and his colleagues expressing private doubt over the claims.

In a comment on messaging platform Slack, dated April 17, 2020, Professor Holmes wrote to his colleague Kristian Andersen: “Let’s face it, unless there is a whistleblower from the WIV (Wuhan Institute of Virology) who is doing (sic) to defect and live in the west under a new identity, we are NEVER going to know (what) happened in that lab. Never.”

Mr Andersen expressed renewed concerns he was not convinced that cell culture in a laboratory wasn’t involved, while Professor Holmes still felt natural origins was “likely correct”.

“Holmes’ central claim is that Wuhan Institute of Virology has no progenitor virus to SARS-CoV-2 … but declassified intelligence repeatedly said the Wuhan lab was working on top-secret projects that are not in the public domain,” Ms Markson said.

“And we know the Wuhan Institute of Virology took its virus database offline in September 2019 and has never made it public, even to health officials trying to investigate the origins of the virus, including the World Health Organisation.”

Professor Holmes stands by the conclusions made in the Proximal Origins paper.

Singapore's first coronavirus cases – a closer look at data and trends

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What trends have emerged among Singapore’s first coronavirus patients? We took a close look at data released by the Ministry of Health on the first 18 confirmed cases as of Feb 3.
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Does Sugar Cause Diabetes?

diabetes No Comments »

If you have diabetes, you have way too much sugar in your bloodstream. So does eating a lot of sugar cause it?

#diabetes #bloodsugar #insulin

You might also like:
Are Food Calories Bull-oney?:

How Much Candy Would Kill You?:

What’s the Difference Between Sugar and High Fructose Corn Syrup?:

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Credits:
Executive Producers:
George Zaidan
Hilary Hudson

Producers:
Andrew Sobey
Elaine Seward

Writer/Host:
Sam Jones, PhD

Scientific consultants:
Thomas Delong, PhD
Leila Duman, PhD
Peter Havel, DVM, PhD
Katie Page, MD
Brianne Raccor, PhD
Kimber Stanhope, PhD

Sources:
Consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages, artificially sweetened beverages, and fruit juice and incidence of type 2 diabetes: systematic review, meta-analysis, and estimation of population attributable fraction
https://www.bmj.com/content/351/bmj.h3576

Sugar-Sweetened Beverages and Risk of Metabolic Syndrome and Type 2 Diabetes
https://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/33/11/2477

A Prospective Study of Sugar Intake and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in Women
https://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/diacare/26/4/1008.full.pdf

Gestational diabetes
https://www.diabetes.org/diabetes/gestational-diabetes/how-will-this-impact-my-baby

Type 2 diabetes
https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/basics/type2.html

Diabetes
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/symptoms-causes/syc-20371444

Visceral fat and diabetes

Visceral Fat (Active Fat)

Gestational diabetes
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/gestational-diabetes/symptoms-causes/syc-20355339

Symptoms & Causes of Diabetes
https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/diabetes/overview/symptoms-causes

Sugar and diabetes
https://www.diabetes.org.uk/guide-to-diabetes/enjoy-food/eating-with-diabetes/food-groups/sugar-and-diabetes

Does eating too much sugar cause diabetes?
https://chicagocaresdpp.org/does-eating-too-much-sugar-cause-diabetes/

Why too much sugar is bad for you
https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/too-much-sugar

Does sugar cause diabetes?

Does Sugar Cause Diabetes?

Belly fat promotes diabetes
https://www.cuimc.columbia.edu/news/belly-fat-promotes-diabetes-under-orders-liver#:~:text=The%20fat%20that%20builds%20up,determining%20what%20causes%20the%20inflammation.

Sugar and diabetes

Does Sugar Cause Diabetes?

Reiser, S., et al., Isocaloric exchange of dietary starch and sucrose in humans. II. Effect on fasting blood insulin, glucose, and glucagon and on insulin and glucose response to a sucrose load. Am J Clin Nutr, 1979. 32(11): p. 2206-16.

Hallfrisch, J., et al., Effects of dietary fructose on plasma glucose and hormone responses in normal and hyperinsulinemic men. J Nutr, 1983. 113(9): p. 1819-26.

Reiser, S., et al., Serum insulin and glucose in hyperinsulinemic subjects fed three different levels of sucrose. Am J Clin Nutr, 1981. 34(11): p. 2348-58.

Schwarz, J.M., et al., Effect of a High-Fructose Weight-Maintaining Diet on Lipogenesis and Liver Fat. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2015. 100(6): p. 2434-42.

Aeberli I, Hochuli M, Gerber PA, Sze L, Murer SB, Tappy L, Spinas GA, Berneis K. Moderate amounts of fructose consumption impair insulin sensitivity in healthy young men: a randomized controlled trial. Diabetes Care. 2013 Jan;36(1):150-6.

Stanhope KL, Schwarz JM, Keim NL, Griffen SC, Bremer AA, Graham JL, Hatcher B, Cox CL, Dyachenko A, Zhang W, McGahan JP, Seibert A, Krauss RM, Chiu S, Schaefer EJ, Ai M, Otokozawa S, Nakajima K, Nakano T, Beysen C, Hellerstein MK, Berglund L, Havel PJ. Consuming fructose-sweetened, not glucose-sweetened, beverages increases visceral adiposity and lipids and decreases insulin sensitivity in overweight/obese humans. J Clin Invest. 2009 May;119(5):1322-34.

Does sugar cause diabetes? To avoid high blood sugar it’s common among people with diabetes to fret about sugary foods and fruits altogether. The sugar situation is understandably confusing to people because “sugar” is used as a blanket term. But it’s time to refresh the mind with some previous knowledge. There are different types of sugar with different biological effects in the body.

So the correct questions to ask are: What type of sugar causes diabetes? And which sugars reverse insulin resistance? Because in the world of diabetes, sugar type matters more than the amount.

Here’s what Dr. Michelle McMacken talks about to help clear the confusion:

– The sugar in your blood and the sugar in your food
– The sugar that increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes
– Added sugars vs natural sugars
– Is fructose bad for you? What happens when you take in pure fructose?

Dr. Michelle McMacken is a board-certified internal medicine physician and an assistant professor of medicine at the NYU School of Medicine. She’s an honors graduate of Yale University and Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons. She has more than 10 years of experience practicing primary care, directing a medical weight loss program, and teaching doctors in training at Bellevue Hospital Center in New York City. Dr. McMacken has written articles for Forks Over Knives, including one called Seven Things that Happen to You When You Stop Eating Meat that has been shared more than 250,000 times.

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‘I was a shaking mess’: Woman arrested for a COVID Facebook post reflects on experience

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The pregnant woman who was arrested by Victoria Police during the state’s COVID lockdowns in September 2020, Zoe Buhler, has reflected on the experience in an exclusive interview with Sky News Australia.

“They just swarmed the whole house, they were in every room, and I didn’t know what to do,” she told Sky News host Sharri Markson.

“I pulled out my phone and I clicked live on Facebook and I thought maybe someone will see my live post and be able to help.”

Ms Buhler said she was a “shaking mess” when she was confronted by the police and was terrified that she was going to lose her baby due to being in a “heightened scared state” at the time.